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Unemployment in Poland appeared in the 19th century, during the process of industrialization, and was particularly severe during the Great Depression. During communist rule officially Poland had close to full employment although hidden unemployment existed. After Poland's transition to a market economy the unemployment rate sharply increased, peaking at above 16% in 1993, then dropped afterwards, but remained well above pre-1993 levels.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=GUS - Główny Urząd Statystyczny - Stopa bezrobocia w latach 1990-2013 )〕 Another period of high unemployment occurred in the early 2000s when the rate reached 20%.〔 As Poland entered European Union (EU) in 2004 and its job market, mass emigration due to unemployment took place lowering the figure.〔() Dekada członkostwa Polski w UE – korzyści czy straty dla polskiego rynku pracy? Maria Jodłowska Sedlak & Sedlak〕 Since then the rate had fallen until the onset of the 2008 Great Recession. Recent years have seen an increase in the unemployment rate from below 8% to above 10% (Eurostat) or from below 10% to 13% (GUS). The rate began dropping again in late 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OECD )〕 Polish government (GUS) reported 11.5% registered unemployment in September 2014〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Główny Urząd Statystyczny / Obszary tematyczne / Rynek pracy / Bezrobocie. Stopa bezrobocia )〕 while European Union's Eurostat gave 8.7% 〔Unemployment in Poland#cite note-1.〕 According to Eurostat data, since 2008, unemployment in Poland has been constantly below the EU average.〔 Significant regional differences in the unemployment rate exist across Poland. ==Definition and measurement== Unemployment rates are reported by the Polish Central Statistical Office, and the European Union's Eurostat office.〔For methodology of Eurostat, see (). For GUS, see ().〕 The difference in the reported statistics is due to adjustments that Eurostat makes to make the unemployment rate comparable across countries in Europe. The unemployment rate as reported by GUS is defined as percent of those without work out of the economically active population. To be counted as unemployed a person has to fulfill four criteria: 1) be between 17 and 74 years of age, 2) be out of work, 3) have actively sought unemployment in the past four weeks, and 4) were ready to take employment within a short period if offered. Additionally, the rate counts as unemployed those who have been hired for a job but have not yet started active work. Eurostat uses the same harmonized definition of unemployment for all countries in the EU, based on the definition of the International Labour Organization.〔''Europe in figures — Eurostat yearbook 2010'', (PDF file ).〕 This definition is similar to the one used by GUS but considers people between 15 and 74, rather than 17 and 74, years of age, and counts the unemployed as a percentage of the labor force. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Unemployment in Poland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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